It was unknown to Old World cultures so not historically likely to have a connection with deities of European cultures. (2018). U.P. Page 280. Wilson, L. L. (1947). Incorporate the earthworm into your magical workings. (1977). Today is a Feast Day for Sepa, the centipede god of ancient Egypt. I invited Him in to partake of the food and drink and spent most of the time in shrine contemplating what little I had learned of Him and what other parts I was guessing at. Webmukade (, mukade) is a very large centipede-like yokai that lives in the mountains near Lake Biwa, Shiga Prefecture. Mansaka Forms of Oral Literature. (1983). The Tale of a Philippine Gomorrah. WebThe centipede god Sepa is attested from the Old Kingdom right through to the Greco-Roman Period. He was sometimes referred to as the centipede of Horus but was also closely associated with Osiris. POTET, Jean-Paul G. (2018). University of Manila., 1956. La Solidaridad, Volume 5. The Tingyans of Northern Philippines and Their Spirit World. University of Kent. London: Berghahn. La religin antigua de los Filipinos. Beyer, H.O. Burton, J. W. (1977). University of Manila Journal of East Asiatic Studies, Volume 5. p. 52. Dutton & Co., Inc. Lutero, C. D. (1986). Fox, R. B. Philippine Studies Vol. Adlao: son of Dagat and Paros; joined Daga's rebellion and died; his body became the sun; Bulan: son of Dagat and Paros; joined Daga's rebellion and died; his body became the moon; Bitoon: daughter of Dagat and Paros; accidentally killed by Languit during a rage against his grandsons' rebellion; her shattered body became the stars, Unnamed God: a sun god who fell in love with the mortal, Rosa; refused to light the world until his father consented to their marriage; he afterwards visited Rosa, but forgetting to remove his powers over fire, he accidentally burned Rosa's whole village until nothing but hot springs remained, Magindang: the god of fishing who leads fishermen in getting a good fish catch through sounds and signs, Okot: the forest god whose whistle would lead hunters to their prey, Batala: a good god who battled against Kalaon, Son of Kalaon: son of Kalaon who defied his evil father's wishes, Onos: freed the great flood that changed the land's features, Oryol: a wily serpent who appeared as a beautiful maiden with a seductive voice; admired the hero Handyong's bravery and gallantry, leading her to aid the hero in clearing the region of beasts until peace came into the land, Baltog: the hero who slew the giant wild boar Tandayag, Handyong: the hero who cleared the land of beasts with the aid of Oryol; crafted the people's first laws, which created a period for a variety of human inventions, Bantong: the hero who single-handedly slew the half-man half-beast Rabot, Dinahong: the first potter; a pygmy who taught the people how to cook and make pottery, Ginantong: made the first plow, harrow, and other farming tools, Hablom: the inventor of the first weaving loom and bobbins, Kimantong: the first person to fashion the rudder called timon, the sail called layag, the plow called arado, the harrow called surod, the ganta and other measures, the roller, the yoke, the bolo, and the hoe, Sural: the first person to have thought of a syllabry; carved the first writing on a white rock-slab from Libong, Gapon: polished the rock-slab where the first writing was on, Takay: a lovely maiden who drowned during the great flood; transformed into the water hyacinth in Lake Bato, Rosa: a sun god's lover, who perished after the sun god accidentally burned her entire village, Malinay: a fearless girl who explored the forests and caves filled with spirits; known in the tale of the origin of bananas, Makapatag-Malaon: the supreme deity with both male and female aspect; the male aspect is Makapatag, the leveler who is fearful and destructive, while the female aspect is Malaon, the ancient understanding goddess, Badadum: a guide of the dead; gathers the souls of the newly dead to meet their relatives at the mouth of a river in the lower world, Hamorawan Lady: the deity of the Hamorawan spring in Borongan, who blesses the waters with healing properties, Berbinota: the beautiful goddess who rules the island of Biri, whose formations were made during the battle of the gods, Maka-andog: an epic giant-hero who was friends with the sea spirits and controlled wildlife and fish; first inhabitant and ruler of Samar who lived for five centuries; later immortalized as a deity of fishing, Rizal: a culture-hero who is prophesied to someday return to aid his people in their struggle, Igsabod: one of the 1011 giant siblings of Maka-andog; friends with the sea spirits, Paula Tomaribo: giant wife and, in some tales, the sibling of Maka-andog; in another tale, she was of Moro origin, Banogbarigos: brother of Maka-andog; became the first, Pagsabihon: one who punishes those who speak of him, Delbora: the one who kaingin farmers offer food; wife of Delalaman, Sanghid: wove cloth on a gold loom with supernatural speed; has the power to move back the sun, Mother of Maka-andog: a gigantic being whose head alone is as large as a hill; lived in Mt. Martinez-Juan, M. C. (2003). Wisdom from a Rainforest: The Spiritual Journey of an Anthropologist. La religin antigua de los Filipinos. Centipedes are predators and eat a wide variety of insects and small animals. Centipede colors vary from pale yellow through to deep brown. Our About.com Guide to Insects, Debbie Hadley, says, According to folk wisdom, when the brown bands on fall woolly bears are narrow, it means a harsh winter is coming. Lets look at some of the folklore, myths, and magic associated with fireflies. Conquistas de las Islas Filipinas, 15651615 (Spanish Edition): Bilingual ed edition. University of Manila., 1958. When the LordJesus Christwas currently hanging on the cross, they came to be baptized, but it did not happen because at that time our Lord Jesus breathed his last. Tikum Kadlum. While the woolly bears predictive ability may sound magical (and has been known for centuries), it was actually scientifically studied in the early 1950s, by Dr. C. H. Curran. Manila: Lahing Pilipino Pub. Nicdao, A. Patti Wigington is a pagan author, educator, and licensed clergy. Woolly Bears. Tenorio, J., Stuart A. Schlegel, S. A. The Journal of American Folklore. (1970). Ibalon: Tatlong Bayani ng Epikong Bicol. The Remarkable Maranaws. The ancient Egyptians could see that insects attacked dead bodies, but centipedes fed on the insects and so they concluded that the centipedes protected the dead. University of San Carlos Publications. Halili, M. C. N. (2004). University of San Carlos Publications. [5][6][7], The following figures continue to exist and prevail among the collective memory and culture of Filipinos today, especially among adherents to the native and sacred Filipino religions, despite centuries of persecution beginning with the introduction of non-native and colonial Abrahamic religions which sought to abolish all native faiths in the archipelago beginning in the late 14th century, and intensified during the middle of the 16th century to the late 20th century. A gem of ages: 7 island rock formations in Northern Samar. Lapulapu in Folk Tradition. Manuel, A. E. (1973). Millare, F. D. (1955). Unilever Philippines. Moss, C. R. (1924). Fansler, D. S. (1922). Isneg Tales. 42, No. Pinatubo and ruler of the eight rivers, Tl: the bright star, the one who introduced wet-rice culture, Munag Sumal: the golden serpent child of Aring Sinukuan; represents dawn, Lakandanup: son of Aring Sinukuan; the god of gluttony and represents the sun at noon time, Gatpanapun: son of Aring Sinukuan; the noble who only knew pleasure and represents the afternoon, Sisilim: child of Apng Malyari; she represents the dusk and is greeted by the songs of the cicada upon her arrival, Galur: winged assistant of Aring Sinukuan; a giant eagle and the bringer of storms, Nga: serpent deities known for their protective nature; their presence in structures are talismans against fire, Lakandanum: variant of the Naga, known to rule the waters, Lakandnup: serpent goddess who comes during total eclipses; followed by famine; eats a person's shadow, which will result in withering and death; daughter of ring Snukuan and Dpu, Dpu: crocodile deity who holds the earth on her back; a nunu or earth goddess, and known as the mother ocean, Lw: a giant creature similar to a mixture of a bird, a serpent, and a crocodile who seeks to swallow Ald and Blan; the soul of Dpu who does her bidding as Dpu has been weakened when her belly burst; in another, less common, version, Lw is the ghost of Dpu; while in another, Lw is the descendant of Dpu, seeking revenge for the deity's mother, Batl: kingfisher deity, known as the father sky; known as Salaksak, he was swallowed by Dpu, where he dissolved and his two souls came out, bursting out of Dpu's belly, Rizal: a culture-hero who will return through resurrection to aid his people in their struggle, Felipe Salvador: a hero who will someday return to the people to help them in their struggle; based on a historical person, Piriang: a prideful maiden who would rather marry a demon than a poor man, Guanchiango: a man who was deceived by a demon, who he released from a jar. Philippine Journal of Science, 85117. The Journal of American Folklore. III, No. In addition to providing us with honey and wax, bees are known to have magical properties, and they feature extensively in folklore from many different cultures. Jean-Paul G. (2016). Letter to Gregory XIII. Jocano, F. L. (1958). Hussin, H., Santamaria, M. C. M. (2008). Quezon City: GCF Books. Hislop, S. K. (1971). Centennial Crossings: Readings on Babaylan Feminism in the Philippines. North Atlantic Books, 2010. A-Z-Animals.com. "Western Visayan Verbal Lore." This entity from Egyptian mythology was tasked with metaphorically protecting the dead from the other canines. Hes also invoked against the Uncreated One Page 28. Because of this, it has long been the subject of magical folklore and legend in a variety of societies and cultures. JATI: Jurnal Jabatan Pengajian Asia Tenggara Fakulti Sastera Dan Sains Sosial, Nimfa L. Bracamonte, N. L. (2005). Bulol: household divinities that are the souls of departed ancestors; Nabulul: spouse of Bugan; a god who possesses or lives in Bulul figures; guards the rice and make the rice harvest plentiful, Bugan: spouse of Nabulul; a goddess who possesses or lives in Bulul figures; guards the rice and make the rice harvest plentiful, Gatui: divinities associated with practical jokes, but have a malevolent side that feast on souls and cause miscarriages, Tagbayan: divinities associated with death that feast on human souls that are guarded by two headed monsters called kikilan, Imbayan: also called Lingayan; divinities who guide souls after they die, Himpugtan: an Imbayan divinity who can terminate those that displease him, Munduntug: divinities from the mountains who cause hunters to be lost. F. Landa Jocano. Vocabulario de la lengua tagala. Wood, G. L. (1957). Precolonial Gender-Crossing and the Babaylan Chronicles. Worms are (obviously) associated with the element of earth, and so can be incorporated into workings related to growth, fertility, the life cycle, and even the underworld. Marigondon; can level a mountain with a kick; one of the Mactan chieftains loyally allied to Datu Mangal, Umindig: chief of Bo. (1895). China: Tuttle Publishing, Periplus Editions (HK) Ltd. Eugenio, D. L. (2013). Ramirez y Giraudier, 1860. Numbers and Units in Old Tagalog. Noceda, Juan de (1754). Fernandez, Doreen G. 1978. Blumentritt, Ferdinand (1895). In Asian folklore, especially in that of the Vedda of Sri Lanka the peacock deserves a charm of praise since this bird kills centipedes and snakes.[3]. Scott, William Henry (1994).Barangay: Sixteenth-century Philippine Culture and Society. Philippine Sociological Review Vol. The Ati of Negros and Panay. Manzano, L. C. The Tboli. 1978. Much like a compass, the mantis can be associated with the four cardinal points of a compass. Banig: spirits of the hillsides and caves; Mun-apoh: deified ancestral spirits who are guardians and sources of blessings provided by the living; they are respected, however, their blessings could also be turned into a curse, Dadungut: divinities who dwell in graveyards and tombs, Makiubaya: divinities who watch over the gates of the village, Binudbud: spirits that are invoked during feasts to quell the passions of men, Kolkolibag: spirits who cause difficult labor, Hidit: divinities who give punishments to those that break taboos, Puok: a kind of Hidit who use winds to destroy the dwellings of miners that break taboos, Hipag: spirits of war that give soldiers courage on the field of war but are ferocious and cannibalistic, Llokesin: the god of rats who figures in the myth of the first orange tree, Bumabakal: the rejected corpse divinity of the skyworld; his dead body resides on top of Mount Dukutan, where his bodily fluids cause boils, Kabigat: the god who sent a deluge which flooded the earth; married to the goddess Bugan, Bugan: a goddess married to Kabigat; her children are a son named Wigan and a daughter also named Bugan, Bugan: daughter of Bugan and Kabigat; stranded on earth after the great deluge, and became one of the two ancestors of mankind, Wigan: son of Bugan and Kabigat; stranded on earth after the great deluge, and became one of the two ancestors of mankind, Dumagid: a god who lived among the people of Benguet; married a mortal woman named Dugai and had a son named Ovug, Ovug: son of Dumagid and Dugai; was cut in half by his father, where one of his halves was reanimated in the skyworld, and the other on earth; the voice of the skyworld's Ovug is the source of lightning and sharp thunder, while the voice of the earth's Ovug is the source of low thunder, Bangan: the god who accompanied Dumagid in claiming Ovug from the earth, Aninitud chalom: deity of the underworld, whose anger is manifested in a sudden shaking of the earth, Aninitud angachar: deity of the sky world; causes lightning and thunder when unsatisfied with offerings, Mapatar: the sun deity of the sky in charge of daylight, Bulan: the moon deity of the night in charge of nighttime, Milalabi: the star and constellation deities, Pinacheng: a group or class of deities usually living in caves, stones, creeks, rocks, and in every place; mislead and hide people, Fulor: a wood carved into an image of a dead person seated on a death chair; an antique which a spirit in it, who bring sickness, death, and unsuccessful crops when sacrifices are not offered, Inamah: a wooden plate and a home of spirits; destroying or selling it will put the family in danger, Dugai: the mortal mother of the split god Ovug; wife of the god Dumagid, Humidhid: the headman of a village in the upstream region of Daya who carved the first bulul statues from the haunted or supernatural tree named Bongbong, Unnamed Shaman: prayed to the deities, Nabulul and Bugan, to possess or live in the bulul statues carved by Humidhid, Wife of Namtogan: a mortal woman who the god Namtogan married when he stayed at the village of Ahin, Kabunyan: the almighty creator; also referred to as Agmattebew, the spirit who could not be seen; the mabaki ritual is held in the deity's honor during planting, harvesting, birth and death of the people, and other activities for livelihood, Lumawig: the supreme deity; creator of the universe and preserver of life, Bangan: the goddess of romance; a daughter of Bugan and Lumawig, Obban: the goddess of reproduction; a daughter of Bugan and Lumawig, Kabigat: one of the deities who contact mankind through spirits called anito and their ancestral spirits, Balitok: one of the deities who contact mankind through spirits called anito and their ancestral spirits, Wigan: one of the deities who contact mankind through spirits called anito and their ancestral spirits, Timugan: two brothers who took their sankah (handspades) and kayabang (baskets) and dug a hole into the lower world, Aduongan; interrupted by the deity Masaken; one of the two agreed to marry one of Masaken's daughters, but they both went back to earth when the found that the people of Aduongan were cannibals, Masaken: ruler of the underworld who interrupted the Timugan brothers. Hatboro, Pennsylvania: Folklore Assosciates Inc. Pangilinan, M. (20142020). An old Arabic folktale tells of the mantis pointing towards Mecca, and early French stories indicate that a lost child could find its way home by following the directions of a praying mantis. University,University of Manila (1958). Ortiz, Tomas (1731). Eugenio, Damiana L. (1993). [] on my merry little way with no more than a respectful nod and libation. That means I feel pretty good about offering meats and/or cheeses to Sepa, but not fruits, and not really sweets (which are frequently grain-based). Page 358. Jocano, F. L. (1968). University of San Carlos Publications. 18, No. Bowring, John (1858). Ultimate Reality and Meaning: The Kalinga and Ifugaw Universe. Watch a caterpillar, inching along. She is the author of Daily Spellbook for the Good Witch, Wicca Practical Magic and The Daily Spell Journal. Boxer Codex: Edicin moderna. Journal of International Development and Cooperation of Hiroshima University. 5. Page 872. UTP Journals. I did have the pleasure (eh-heh) of receiving a few impressions of a rather large centipede, enjoying the offerings Id laid out on my altar; I havent the faintest whether it was my imagination, one of Sepas netjeri, or Sepa Himself. He was sometimes referred to as the centipede of Horus but was also closely associated with Osiris. Noval-Morales, D. Y. Boston, Ginn. In some modern Pagan traditions, animal symbolism is incorporated into magical belief and practice. (1905). Asuang Steals Fire from Gugurang. 1986. Blumentritt, Ferdinand (1895). Kabunian: supreme deity and chief among the high ranking deities above the skyworld; Afunijon: also a general term referred to the deities of heaven, which is also called Afunijon, Mah-nongan: also a general term for deities who are given animal sacrifices, Ampual: the god of the fourth skyworld who bestowed animals and plants on the people; controls the transplanting of rice, Bumingi: in charge of worms, one of the eleven beings importuned to stamp out rice pests. 45, No. Pack, J., Behrens, D. (1973). Yabes, L. Y. Guillermo, A. R. (2012). University of the Philippines Press, 2014. Way of the Ancient Healer: Sacred Teachings from the Philippine Ancestral Traditions. Philippine Sociological Review Vol. Page 82. Its a rich artistic tradition, and its influence on Sekiro is clear. The Mansaka. Manila: Bureau of Printing. Shamanism and Everyday Life. The University of the Philippines Press. Loarca, Miguel de. Peasants in the Hills: A Study of the Dynamics of Social Change Among the Buhid Swidden Cultivators in the Philippines. Hornedo, F. H. (1994). Sino-Filipino Historico-cultural Relations. University of San Carlos. Nanzan University. Theyre determined little creatures, who spend their entire existence preparing to be something else. Arbues, L. R. (1960). The Traditional Tiruray Zodiac: The Celestial Calendar of a Philippine Swidden and Foraging People. Let's look at some of the ways people have incorporated insects into their magical practice throughout the ages, as well as specific insects and their folklore and legends. The woolly bear is a caterpillar that has folklore all his own in Tagalog Borrowings and Cognates. Philippine Studies Vol. I reverted the food offerings, but left the water on the shrine to evaporate naturally (a slow process in a humid environment), my way of providing a longer-term offering symbolic of that which sustains all lifeincluding centipedes. Aguilar, [edited by] Celedonio G. (1994). Asiaweek, Volume 12, Issues 1-13. Page 251. Readings in Philippine literature. Weavers of Peace: The Higaonon Tribe in the Philippines. 400401, Re-written in "Philippine Folk Literature: An Anthology" by Damiana L. Eugenio. Webmichael carmine longtime companion; lyon college salaries. Cawed, C. (1972). (2021, September 20). Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines: Punlad Research House Inc. Caballero, Federico "Tuohan," Teresita "Abyaran" Caballero-Castor, and Alicia P. Magos. The Culture of the Bontoc Igorot. Took a bit of self-control not to flinch, either way! Manila. Jocano, F. L. (1967). Wilson, L. L. (1947). Page 33. Higaonon Oral Literature: A Cultural Heritage. Halupi: Essays on Philippine Culture. Wigington, Patti. Memoirs of the National Academy of Science, 23. The following is a list of gods, goddesses, deities, and many other divine, semi-divine, and important figures from classical Philippine mythology and indigenous Philippine folk religions collectively referred to as Anito, whose expansive stories span from a hundred years ago to presumably thousands of years from modern times. Gianno, Rosemary (2004). Tau Tana: created humans with the god Melu amidst a great argument; put people's noses upside down, a mistake corrected by Melu; Tasu Weh: creator of humans in another myth, where humans had male sexual organs on one knee, and female sexual organs on the other. Almendral, E. C. (1972). 1: The Lumawig Bontoc Myths. Noceda, Juan Jos de & Sanlucar,Pedro de (1754). Ateneo de Manila University. Someday, that caterpillar will wake up as a butterfly or moth and so, the caterpillar can be associated with any sort of transformative magic and ritual. Jose, V. R. (1974). Jocano, F. L. (1969). Reyes y Florentino, Isabelo de los (1909). The History of Philippine Civilization as Reflected in Religious Nomenclature. Noceda, Juan Jos de & Sanlucar, Pedro de (1754). The History of Butterfly Magic and Folklore, Customs, Traditions and Folklore of Litha, animal symbolism is incorporated into magical belief, some sort of spider mythology, and folktales.