Recognizable name brand items in the price lists include Canada Dry Ginger Ale, Quaker Oats, Cream of Wheat, Hershey's Cocoa, Aunt Jemima Pancake Flour, Mazola Oil, Wesson Oil, Coleman's Mustard, Post Toasties, Morton's Salt, Knox Gelatin, Sun Maid Raisins, Palmolive soap, Log Cabin syrup, Del Monte canned goods, Heinz ketchup, Gold Medal flour, Carnation Milk, Life Savers candy, Bon Ami scouring powder, Lucky Strike cigarettes, Camel cigarettes, Scott Tissue toilet paper, and many other brand name items. From the Louisiana Department of Labor and Industrial Statistics Biennial Report for 1929-1930. Wages are shown in Danish ore. Coal operators often provided services like company stores. Source: BLS Monthly Labor Review (September 1932). Following legal tradition, companies usually placed blame and responsibility for injuries on the workers. FromTHE DEVIL HERE IN THESE HILLS(Atlantic Monthly Press), now out in paperback. College professor salaries, 1928 (Source: AAUP report). Mentions the wages paid to both skilled and unskilled workers in francs. No. For example, the 1920 volume gives rates in Ohio and Minnesota, Illinois and Indiana, and more. COST OF LIVING The following two tables shows the average daily earnings of industrial and building workers by occupation as well as in Moscow, Leningrad, and the Ural mountain region. Source: This source is entirely about compensation of state and local government employees in New York. Shows average wages (with and without board) by province. Source: BLS, Shows clothes prices paid by working class families in Great Britain. Miners would lie on their backs and use a pick to undercut the coal. Describes the labor policy of New Zealand in the 1920's and throughout the rest of the early 20th century. Dining room: Dining room furniture, silverware, dish sets. 2-4. Source: U.S. BLS Bulletin #682, chapter 9: "Monthly earnings of professional engineers," pp. Shows the hourly and weekly wages for 12 principal industries throughout Germany. For best detail, see the full chapters on. Compensationby job titlefor New York City, Chicago, Detroit, Cleveland, San Francisco and more cities. Shows average charge per case for appendicitis, childbirth, heart troubles, cancer, dental problems and more. Coal loaders at the face depended on mule drivers and motor men to honor the old tradition of a square turna custom through which colliers sought to control output and equalize earning opportunities by ensuring that each miner would receive the same number of cars during a workday, in the words of a mine industry historian. In 1928, halfof all families had a combined family income of $2000 or less. 90%. It also summarizes the years from 1907-1922. Occupations included are limited before 1916. Police department personnel salaries and wages. Some stopped the cars by jamming pieces of wood into the spokes. Bedroom: This bibliography lists reports that show income, budgets, consumer expenditures, etc. It provided a $1.20-a- day wage increase effective Jan, and an increase of 80 cents a day beginning April 1, 1959. Source: BLS Monthly Labor Review (June 1931), Shows the average hours and daily wages of various workers in quarries, sawmills, and many other industries throughout Virginia. Appalachias traditionally small, locally owned mines started merging with larger energy firms in the 1960s, and by 1970 bituminous coal employment had dropped to 140,000 people from its 1923 peak of 740,000. Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, No. Wages are shown in Latvian rubles. HEALTH CARE Income statistics of full time professional women were published in study by the Association of Business and Professional Women. Next came preparations for extracting the coal. Shows average wages alongside a cost of living index for Germany between 1929-1942. Sporting goods: Boys frequently were assigned the most-dangerous jobs. Miners left their pits to fight the attempt of the Thatcher government to close the collieries, break the miners' union and the labour movement in general, and open the way to a free market economy in which deregulated financial capitalism would be set free by the Big Bang of 1986. Coal powered industrial America. 408, Shows the wages of a variety of occupations in the capital of Argentina. Table shows average cost to rent houses by the number of rooms in each of 25 New Zealand cities and towns. Source: page 13 in. Wages are shown in Spanish pesetas. Source: BLS. Shows average value of mortgaged homes, average debt remaining on the mortgages and average interest paid on mortgages annually, for 68 cities of 100,000 or more population. These were the underground attitudes Frank Keeney absorbed as he entered manhood as a coal miner. Wages are shown in Greek drachmas. Shows the weekly earnings for 9 occupations in Amsterdam, Haarlem, the Hague, and Rotterdam. Shows average value per acre for all real estate with buildings, and the value of land alone, by county, for six states: MA, CT, RI , ME, VT and NH. Instead of paying miners by the ton, they hired them as employees and paid an hourly wage. Source: BLS, Shows the average daily wages for workers in different occupations in French coal mines. 525. Data is separated by sex and age. Miners would lie on their backs and use a pick to undercut the coal. "The sum of $4,000 will buy only a very modest home and even then it will have to be in one of the smaller citiesor in a remote suburb of a large city." By 1850, approximately half of Kanawha Countys slaves worked in the salt industrymany mined coal to fuel the furnaces. Tomorrow night at 9pm PBSs American Experience will broadcast The Mine Wars, based on the book. In West Virginia, where mineswere cut near the mountaintops, the overburden was looser and more prone to collapse than in the deeper shaft mines of the North. In some cases, when a shot backfired out of the hole, it ignited coal dust or gas in the miners room and sent fire bursting into the main tunnel, where it could burn or suffocate the mules and their drivers passing through. His salary was paid entirely by coal companies. The failure of a mine boss to dampen the coal dust was the reason the Red Ash mine blew up in 1905, killing thirteen men and boys on Fire Creek. Source: Monthly price list for Ralph's Grocery Company, which sold only in the Los Angeles area. Firedamp, described as the monster most dreaded by the practical miner, could explode if ignited by sparks or powder blasts, which would send fires raging through mine shafts with hurricane force. Patterns for sewing children's clothes, stockings, union suits, toys, bicycles. Table 25 shows additional breakouts for skilled and white collar workers by region (. Then the men and boys would gather their tools and trudge down the mountainside to their little cabins to wash off the coal dust that smudged their faces, necks, arms, and hands, and to sit down for an evening meal. This series of tables shows the wage distribution and average weekly wages of a variety of industries and occupations in Missouri in 1921. The industry has been in slow decline ever since, compounded along the way by the rise of steam engines, mechanized extraction methods, and competition from oil and natural gas, and now renewable energy. See quartile, "Women in Alabama industries: a study of hours, wages and working conditions," Women's Bureau Bulletin #34 (. Source: BLS Monthly Labor Review, March 1932, The "Service Industries" chapter in this source breaks out wages paid to workers in hospitals, hotels, bowling alleys, theaters, parks, churches, country clubs, athletic clubs and yacht clubs, advertising agencies, banks, laundries, schools/colleges, and restaurants (making no distinction between waiters, cooks or bus boys). Work clothes, work shirts, dress shirts, dress pants, trousers, vests, suits, dress gloves, overcoats, winter coats, fur caps and collars, neck ties, belts and suspenders, caps and hats, nightwear, socks, shoes, boots, pocket knives, pocket watches, toupes, razors, smoking pipes. Source: U.S. Dept of Agriculture. But the chorus of foreign languages confirmed managements fears that companies were slipping out of control. He also absorbed the habits and traditions that gave pick and shovel miners a remarkable degree of freedom. Under other circumstances, mine tops fell without warning. Wages for workers engaged in the manufacture of iron and steel goods, machinery, railway rolling stock, boilers, vehicles, aircraft, electrical apparatus, scientific instruments and more. Scroll forward and back to see the various cities for which average food prices are available. Coal mine owners and superintendents rarely went underground. The miners world was dark and dangerous. Shows breakouts for automobile manufacture, cigar making, boots/shoe making, men's clothing, iron/steel and more. Acquiring a sense of humor helped mask a workers dread of the mine, but joking was no substitute for learning how to be careful. Source: BLS. This booklet shows prices for hotels and amenities such astelephone, restaurant meals,haircuts, bath house, etc. Wages are shown in both German marks and contemporary U.S. dollars. Source: BLS. Source: BLS Monthly Labor Review (July 1930), Shows the average wages of multiple occupation in the mining industry. Heed no operators tale! Source: U.S. Federal Trade Commission report. by STATE Coal companies also recruited in Europe. By 1910, more Italian immigrants lived in McDowell County than anywhere else in the state. Source: BLS, Shows the average wages for an 8 hour work day in Riga within various industry groups. After the top fell, they returned to break and load the fallen coal before another layer of the top came crashing down with a tremendous roar. Data gathered by the National Industrial Conference Board (a group of industry associations) which used European government publications for information. Shows salaries at the state, county and city levels. Click "more" for direct links to wages in each occupation. It is not yet available to read online; check your local library for a printed copy. Wages are shown in both Hungarian gold crowns and contemporary U.S. dollars. Tables are broken down by occupation, sex, and state. Covers New York City, New Jersey towns, Fall River MA, Cleveland, Chicago, Dallas, San Francisco and Portland OR. See list of the most common occupations for women in 1910 and 1920 (source: Census Bureau). Source: U.S. Dept of Labor, Compares affordability of food and consumer goods from one year to the next and provides price. Source: This short article about wages in Nanking, China reports barbers' earnings in US dollars. asked the Secretary of State for Employment whether he will publish in the OFFICIAL REPORT as 89W detailed information as may be readily available showing the numbers and groupings of employees in the coal mines working at the surface and face, respectively, whose basic rates of pay on 1st November 1973 were below the national average wage of 42 per week ; and how far . Boy's: Source: For each college, this table shows tuition for residents and non-residents by course of study. Source: 1930 Census of Agriculture. See also "C" tab above for carpenters, cement workers, etc. Data available for additional years inMissouri Farm Census by Counties, Missouri State Dept of Agriculture. That the presidents persistent nostalgia for a yesteryear America had such visceral effect on rural voters only betrays the entrenched anxiety of a region where decline is a multi-generational way of life. Coffee cost an average 47 per pound in 1920. Covers more than 1,200 cities. Red Ash mine was also the location of a disaster in 1900, which killed forty-six miners. Source: BLS, Shows the average retail prices of food, clothing, and fuel prices in Shanghai. MERCHANDISE Tables are broken down by type of job, gender of employee, and geography. At dawn, the workers reported to the payroll clerk in the company office, where they were handed numbered brass checks to attach to each coal car they loaded. 162-207. Wages are shown in both contemporary Yen and US dollars. Pennsylvania's investment in anthracite iron paid dividends for the industrial economy of the state and proved that coal could be adapted to a number of industrial pursuits. Wages shown in 1931 US dollars. In the words of the popular song Miners Lifeguard, written by a miner from Oak Hill, West Virginia: A miners life is like a sailors, Shows the average weekly and hourly wages of different occupations in the Missouri shoe industry between 1913-1922. Source: 1934 Statistical Abstract of the United States. In 1984 there were 174 deep coal mines in the UK by 1994 - the year the industry was finally privatized - there were just 15 left. See answers (2) Best Answer. Shows salaries for officers, managers, clerks, operators, etc. Shows weekly wages for male and female workers in common industries such as textile manufacture and mining, and also more uncommon like ice cream manufacture and hospitality services. This risk increased enormously when inexperienced miners failed to undercut the coal before blasting and took the risk of shooting on the solid.. Wages are shown in Brazilian milreis. Photographer + writer. Corn visited coal mines and mountain communities from Virginia to Tennessee, photographing the working and domestic lives of miner families and their struggles with low wages, unsafe working conditions, and black lung disease. "In this region, I presume that a fee of $200 would be a pretty fair estimate of the surgeon's charge for operation and the after-treatment there would be between the operation and the death of the patient." In the hand-loading era, an underground miners workplace, usually called a room, was only as high as the coal seam. Iowa farm houses averaged around 8 rooms and had an average value of $3,043. Wages are shown in both Italian lire and contemporary U.S. dollars. Covers occupations in the building trades, metal trades, printing trades, coal mining and more. Wages are shown in Spanish pesetas. Source: Shows the daily or monthly wages of 13 occupations in the treaty port. Source: the Historian of the U.S. Source: BLS. 25-38. A man sometimes had to get down on his hands and knees, with his left shoulder, well padded, against the car, bracing himself with his toes against the ties and the dirt of the floor, wrote a former miner, while his partner controlled the brakes to keep the car from rolling back on the pusher if he slipped or grew tired. Back injuries, broken legs, and severed feet and fingers were common. Lists annual pay for individuals occupying administrative and supervisory positions in the executive and judicial branches. Source: U.S. Congressional Serial Set vol. Kanawha County coal seams were relatively thick, so men could often stand or just bend slightly, but some coal cutters had to work bent over all day in low coal. After sorting out the slate fragments and loading the car, the miner attached his brass check to the side of the car and pushed it out into the main tunnel, where mules or a small locomotive pulled the load out of the mine to the weigh station and then to the tipple, where the coal would be prepared and funneled into railroad cars. Source: BLS, Shows the wages of a variety of occupations both in and outside of Copenhagen, Denmark. Source: U.S. BLS. Source: U.S. Dept. The legislature rejected all proposals for reform, however. Fascinating book that shows various imported items (such as kid gloves, bloomers, silk nightgown, men's pipe, electric flatiron, glass lamp, etc.) 365-372. Farm laborers in Missouri earned an average $41.90/month in 1921. Source: Table shows 52 years of time-series prices on individual foods, such as. In 1925, motor vehicles were scrapped at an average age of 6.5 years. Describes the labor policy of South Africa in the 1920's and throughout the rest of the early 20th century. Conversely, a dollar earned in 1928 had the same buying power as abut $15 in the year 2020. View object record Steam whistle With industrialization, workers lost control of when to start, eat, and end their day. Shows the average retail prices of staple foodstuffs in Sao Paulo, Brazil. If a man died in a mine, they quit work to honor him and to take up a collection for his surviving wife and children. Full chapter extends from pp. Meal time was cold, cramped, and wet. Before the 1920s most miners were independent contractors. Source: BLS Monthly Labor Review, Dec 1920 Shows wages and hours of workers in the cotton industry over a 23 year period. Shows data for unskilled male laborers in each of 13 industries, as well as an overall average. ), athletic gear, boxing, baseball, & tennis supplies, Prices of articles bought by farmers, 1909-1924, Prices paid by farmers for household items, 1910-1960, Clothing prices paid by farmers, 1910-1960, Women's clothing catalog - B. Altman & Co., Summer 1920. West Virginias mine safety laws were the weakest in the nation. Wages are shown in shillings. Taken from the 1921 U.S. Department of Agriculture Yearbook, starting on page 804. 5-6. Source: BLS, Shows the average wage rates for 19 different occupations in Hamburg, Germany. Many of the reports can be found in. Email: concannonm@missouri.edu Source: U.S. Congressional Serial Set Vol. It may be necessary to read the chapters pertaining to the country, but you can find the actual minimum wages in the discussion. After a temporary escape to attend grammar school, it was the world he reentered in 1900 as an eighteen-year-old man willing and able to load coal for a miners pay. Shows the "living wage" per week for different metropolitan areas of Australia.