Othello, unlike the other Shakespearean comedies, adds three more acts to the romantic drama, shifting from comic affirmation to tragic negation. . Did you find something inaccurate, misleading, abusive, or otherwise problematic in this essay example? Child and Youth Care and Disability CYC 3000 Assignment: Getting to Know Disability Justice A deep dive into activists introduced by L. Lakshmi Piepzna-Samarasinha Due Week 2, Friday at 11:59p It is important that you begin to learn about the various people and organizations that are leading the conversation on disability justice. She does not fight back nor call for help, Desdemona begs for her life asking to Kill me (Desdemona) tomorrow; let me live tonight! (V.ii.97).
Archetypal criticism | SpringerLink O, farewell! (5. Even French feminist Julia Kristeva has been brought to praise a Jungian contribution to feminist discourse on the maternal: recognition that the Catholic churchs change of signification in the assumption of the Virgin Mary to include her human body represented a major shift in attitude toward female corporaiity (113). Speak of me as I am. Furthermore, they must also have a fatal flaw, that eventually leads to their downfall.
A feminist critique of the character Desdemona in Shakespeares "Othello Such characters can be found in works of fiction, long or short, and in more poetic works.
Free Essay On The Villain Archetype As Portrayed Through Othello And Looking at William Shakespeare's Othello The Moor Of Venice, the central character, Othello is revered as the tragic hero. Feminist Critique of the Character Desdemona in Othello Introduction Women during Elizabethan age are assumed to have spent their lives in the service of men - prearranged marriages, child rearing, and their role as sexual objects. reflects the archetypal villain" (Sen, ). On a general level, Jungs and Fryes theorizings about archetypes, however labeled, overlap, and boundaries are elusive, but in the disciplines of literature the two schools have largely ignored each others work. QAFQAZ UNIVERSITY SPRING, 2013. Jung and the Humanities: Toward a Hermeneutics of Culture. His works range from ingenious poems, such as Fear No More, to plays, such as The Tragedy of Othello. Lon S. Roudiez, 1986); Estella Lauter and Carol Schreier Rupprecht, Feminist Archetypal Theory: Interdisciplinary Re-Visions of Jungian Thought (1985); Erich Neumann, Art and the Creative Unconscious: Four Essays (trans. An archetype is universal; it is generated by man's psyche regardless of time of place.
Discuss The Archetypes Of The Tragedy In Othello | 123 Help Me Nothing extenuate, Shakespeare derived his plot from Giraldi Cinthios Tale of the Moor, in the story collection Hecatommithi (1565), reshaping Cinthios sensational tale of jealousy, intrigue, and murder in several key ways. edmonton oilers jokes archetypal criticism in othello archetypal criticism in othello. To learn more, read our. Othello: Damn her, lewd minx! ("Literary Criticism.") "Othello", by William Shakespeare, is a story of jealousy's potential to manipulate thoughts and eventually lead to ultimate demise. However, for Othello this is not the case. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1994.
Othello - Study Guide and Literary Analysis By speaking of soul as a primary metaphor, rather than defining soul substantively and attempting to derive its ontological status from empirical demonstration or theological (metaphysical) argument, archetypal psychology recognizes that psychic reality is inextricably involved with rhetoric (Hillman, Archetypal 19). 1924) to move beyond clinical inquiry within the consulting room of psychotherapy to formulate archetypal theory as a multidisciplinary field (Archetypal 1). An archetype is the original pattern or . Archetypal Criticism of Othello Othello, one of Shakespeare's most popular tragedies, is full of symbols, motifs, and themes that make it relatable to people all over the world. Othello is a man of high rank in Venice. And despite frequently perceptive readings, the work is marred by the characteristic limitless expansionism and psychological utilitarianism of her interpretive scheme.
What Is Archetypal Criticism? (with pictures) - Language Humanities Thus Jungian theory provided no clear avenue of access for those outside of psychology, and orthodox Jungians were left with little in the way of models for the psychological analysis of literature. Othello also matches Aristotle's ideas of tragic hero because our Othello realizes the error of his ways, causing us to feel sympathy for him. Further, Jung termed his own theory analytical psychology, as it is still known especially in Europe, but Jungian thought is more commonly referred to today in all disciplines as archetypal psychology.. I took by th throat the circumcisd dog, For the onlookers on stage, the final tableau of the dead Desdemona and Othello poisons sight and provokes the command to Let it be hid. The witnesses on stage cannot compute rationally what has occurred nor why, but the audience has been given a privileged view of the battle between good and evil worked out in the private recesses of a bedroom and a human soul. Shakespeare shifts the action from Venice to Cyprus. Kibin, 2023. http://www.kibin.com/essay-examples/an-archetype-criticism-of-othello-a-play-by-william-shakespeare-yJF4zltX. Carl Jungs Contribution to Psychoanalytic Theory. Desdemona is oblivious to what is going on around her and stays loyal to her morals but Iagos rumours lure Othello to thinking otherwise.
Archetypal Criticism - ResearchGate In Othello, the themes such as love and jealousy reflects on the characters motivation and their values. Herbert Read, Michael Fordham, and Gerhard Adler, 20 vois., 1953-79), Letters (trans.
Archetypal Literary Criticism | PDF | Shadow (Psychology) - Scribd Examples of Archetype in Shakespearean Works. Othello, a play that was written in 1604 by William Shakespeare, is an example of a type of story called a tragedy. Throughout the course of the work, Othello proves himself to be very easily misled, despite his heroic status.
archetypal criticism in othello Archetypal criticism proceeds from the initial assumption that every work of literature can be categorized and fitted into a large framework that encompasses all literature. An archetype criticism of othello, a play by william shakespeare. Archetypal criticism is a product of both cultural anthropology and psychoanalysis which are academic fields that might seem to be far from the concept of archetypal criticism.
Jung was also more preoccupied with dreams and fantasies, because he saw them as exclusively (purely) products of the unconscious, in contrast to literature, which he oddly believed, citing Joyces Ulysses as an example, was created in the full light of consciousness (15:123). By the end of the play, he has brought down his world around him with the relentless force that made him a great general turned inward, destroying both what he loved best in another and in himself. The men of the play manipulate her image of a naive lover to being a strumpet! (V.ii.94). Learn what works (and what doesn't) from the reader's perspective. archetypal criticism in othello. Archetypal criticism ensures the efforts of all these concerned faculties to analyse of a text hence archetypal criticism is of immense significance. Witness that here Iago doth give up The execution of his wit, hands, heart Given this background, it is not surprising to find in a 1976 essay entitled Jungian Psychology in Criticism: Theoretical Problems the statement that no purely Jungian criticism of literature has yet appeared (Baird 22).
Analysis of William Shakespeare's Othello - Literary Theory and Criticism Unfortunately, this got the ball rolling for Othello's inevitable downfall. I know not ift be true; But I, for mere suspicion in that kind, Will do as if for surety (2.1.
Mythological Criticism Innocent characters also suffer, like Desdemona. Comparing the amount written about the two plays, people find Hamlet more interesting to discuss.
Othello: Themes | SparkNotes At mid-century, Canadian critic Northrop Frye (1912-91) introduced new distinctions in literary criticism between myth and archetype. Literary Critics on Othello. Othello demonstrates all of these characteristics in the play, proving him to be a tragic hero. Consider the implications of this idea. His demise was of his own doing. The movie Zootopia uses animals to portray racism and sexism; predators do not like prey and vice versa. A fig! Self-interest is all that matters, and love is merely a lust of the blood and a permission of the will. Othello and Desdemona cannot possibly remain devoted to each other, and, as Iago concludes, If sanctimony and a frail vow betwixt an err-ing barbarian and a super-subtle Venetian be not too hard for my wits, and all the tribe of hell, thou shalt enjoy her. The problem of Iagos motivation to destroy Othello and Desdemona is not that he has too few motives but too many. Her Jungian Approach to Literature attempts to cover the Finnish epic The Kalevala, the Persian Atars The Conference of the Birds, and texts by Euripides, Wolfram von Eschenbach, Michel de Montaigne, Pierre Corneille, Goethe, Novalis, Rabbi ben Simhah Nachman, and W. B. Yeats. Frye, then, first misinterprets Jungian theory by insisting on a Lamarckian view of genetic transmission of archetypes, which Jung explicitly rejected, and later settles on a concept of archetype as a literary occurrence per se, an exclusively intertextual recurring phenomenon resembling a convention (99). the characters in Shakespeare's play Othello ever challenge the right of a husband to murder a wife accused of adultery. Othello is generally regarded as Shakespeares greatest stage play, the closest he would ever come to conforming to the constrained rules of Aristotelian tragedy. OTHELLO: Iago critics. http://www.kibin.com/essay-examples/an-archetype-criticism-of-othello-a-play-by-william-shakespeare-yJF4zltX, ("An Archetype Criticism of Othello, a Play by William Shakespeare. For Jung, archetype is an explanatory paraphrase of the Platonic eidos (9, pt. Nobody; I myself. Of all Shakespeares tragedies . Reading example essays works the same way! Toril Moi, trans. Frye frequently acknowledged his debt to Jung, accepted some of Jungs specifically named archetypes persona and anima and counsellor and shadow and referred to his theory as Jungian criticism (Anatomy 291), a practice subsequently followed in some hand books of literary terms and histories of literary criticism, including one edited by Frye himself, which obscured crucial differences and contributed to the confusion in terminology reigning today. But heres my husband; Othello decides the only way to right his wrong is to take his own life.
Archetypal Criticism of Othello by Tommy Finn - Prezi (2023).
Archetypal Criticism | SpringerLink Placing responsibility in the stars - he calls Desdemona an "ill-starred wench" - is hardly a gallant course of action. In spite of his elevated status, he is nevertheless easy prey to insecurities because of his age, his life as a soldier, and his race.
archetypal criticism in othello The scene crowns love triumphant. "Othello is essentially an noble character, flawed by insecurity and a nature that is naive and unsophisticated". In Cinthios story, Alfiero, the scheming ensign, lusts after the Moors wife, named Disdemona, and after she spurns his advances, Alfiero seeks vengeance by accusing her of adultery with Cassio, the Moors lieutenant. That not another comfort like to this Considered according to this definition, the concept becomes a useful tool for literary analysis that explores the synthesis of the universal and the particular, seeks to define the parameters of social construction of gender, and attempts to construct theories of language, of the imaginal, and of meaning that take gender into account. What bloody business ever. His destruction is essentially precipitated by his own actions, as well as by the actions of the characters surrounding him. In addition, Othello is far from being a perfect character - another quality that meets Aristotle's requirements. Unfortunately, this got the ball rolling for Othellos inevitable downfall. Archetypal school of literary criticism is a type of literary criticism that is concerned with recurring myths and archetypes in symbols, characters, actions, and situations within literary pieces. Thus, all contrastive categorization would benefit from archetypal analysis. Richer than all his tribe. I am hitherto your daughter. According to Aristotle, a tragic protagonist is a nobleman or person from high status, who contributes to his own demise and illustrates a flaw or weakness in judgment. His final speech mixes together the acknowledgment of what he was and what he has become, who he is and how he would like to be remembered: I have done the state some service, and they knowt. According to Hillman, that discourse was anticipated by Evangelos Christous Logos of the Soul (1963) and extended in religion (David L. Millers New Polytheism, 1974), philosophy (Edward Caseys Imagining: A Phenomenological Study, 1976), mythology (Rafael Lopez-Pedrazas Hermes and His Children, 1977), psycholinguistics (Paul Kuglers Alchemy of Discourse: An Archetypal Approach to Language, 1982), and the theory of analysis (Patricia Berrys Echos Subtle Body, 1982). He turns to Iago, who has been brought before him to know the reason for his actions. Archetypal Criticism Volume I. Frye, however, notably in Anatomy of Criticism, essentially redefined and relocated archetype on grounds that would remove him unequivocally from the ranks of Jungian critics by severing the connection between archetype and depth psychology: This emphasis on impersonal content has been developed by Jung and his school, where the communicability of archetypes is accounted for by a theory of a collective unconsciousan unnecessary hypothesis in literary criticism, so far as I can judge (m-12). The play moves relentlessly from here to catastrophe as Othello delivers justice to those he is convinced have wronged him. The approaches of semiologists, structuralists and deconstructivists . Now art thou my lieutenant. Check out our Privacy and Content Sharing policies for more information.). The romantic climax comes in the trial scene of act 1, in which Othello success-fully defends himself before the Venetian senate against Brabantios charge that Othello has beguiled his daughter, stoln from me, and corrupted / By spells and medicines bought of mountebanks. Calmly and courteously Othello recounts how, despite the differences of age, race, and background, he won Desdemonas heart by recounting the stories of his exotic life and adventures: She loved me for the dangers I had passed, / And I loved her that she did pity them. Wonder at Othellos heroic adventures and compassion for her sympathy have brought the two opposites togetherthe young, inexperienced Venetian woman and the brave, experienced outsider. This juxtaposition between Othello's transparency and Iago's duality identifies him as a sympathetic character despite his actions. 1: 4), but he distinguishes his concept and use of the term from that of philosophical idealism as being more empirical and less metaphysical, though most of his empirical data were dreams. However, in William Shakespeare's Othello, Emilia's character portrays three completely different archetypes and they all come through in strategical places. Desdemona is shown as the most pure and proper of the women in Othello and is put into the center of all the drama. The tragedy of Othello is not a fault of a single person, but is rather the consequence of a wide range of feelings, judgments, misjudgments, and attempts for personal justification revealed by the characters. . Essays may be lightly modified for readability or to protect the anonymity of contributors, but we do not edit essay examples prior to publication. "He is, in a sense, a 'self made man', the . Succeeds in unknown fate. When he realizes the grave mistake he had made by taking an honest Desdemona's life he can no longer live with himself. Hillman also discovers archetypal precursors in Neoplatonism, Heraclitus, Plotinus, Proclus, Marsilio Ficino, and Giambattista Vico. A few names form a core of writers in English (including many Canadians)Martin Bickman, Albert Gelpi, Elliott Gose, Evelyn Hinz, Henry Murray, Barton L. St. Armand, Harold Schechter, and William Stein though no single figure has attracted the attention of academic literary specialists, and no persistent commonalities fuse into a recognizable school critics who draw on Jungs theories. A Modern View of Feminist Criticism William Shakespeare 's "Othello" can be analyzed from a feminist perspective.This criticism focuses on relationships between genders, like the patterns of thoughts, behavior, values, enfranchisement, and power in relations between and within sexes. As the handkercheif is stolen from Desdemona, Othello believes that she has become unfaithful to him, which leads him down a jealous path and eventually kill her. Posted on . Here are some examples of archetype in Shakespearean works: Lover: Romeo ("Romeo and Juliet"), Juliet ("Romeo and Juliet"), Antony ("Antony and Cleopatra") Hero: Othello ("Othello"), Hamlet . Ignoring her appeals for mercy and avowals of innocence, Othello smothers her moments before Emilia arrives with the proof of Desdemonas innocence and Iagos villainy. He seems to breathe an atmosphere as fateful as that of King Lear, but more confined and oppressive, the darkness not of night but of a close-shut murderous room. It is in Act 3 Scene 3 where Othello takes on a new persona, where his confidence and happiness is tragically replaced with jealousy and rage. Othello makes an error in judgement, which leads to his change in fortune, and later realizes that his actions are what caused said change in fortune. As the pair kneels together, they exchange vows: Iago: Witness you ever-burning lights above, As Iago asserts to Roderigo, Virtue? "Now will I question assio of ianca, As he shall smile, Othello shall go mad; . Othello sends Emilia outside to guard the door. Mythological literary critics look for archetypes, characters and/or symbols with traits that are seen throughout literature regardless of time or place. Othello, though, decides to kill her. Human emotions have a lot of power over how we react to situations in life, the trick is learning how to not let them take over.
ARCHETYPES OF LITERATURE BY NORTHROP FRYE PDF - PDF Portland Macbeth) in the essay title portion of your citation. But the great literary text for Jungs life and work was Johann Wolfgang von Goethes Faust, not because of its literary qualities but because he sensed that the drama expressed his own personal myth (Letters 1:309-10). Despite naively playing into Iago's hands earlier by giving him the handkerchief, Emilia shows her earnest loyalty to Desdemona. What is a tragic hero and why is Othello considered one? Othello is a complex play that deals with issues such as jealousy, gender, and race. Othello was crafted at the dawn of the 17th century, shaped by complex social and geopolitical issues that new historicist critics, who seek to place literary works within a historical framework, have recently sought to unravel. His expression of his jealousy quickly devolves from the conventional"Farewell the tranquil mind"to the absurd: Farewell the plum'd troops and the big wars. Between William Shakespeares most expansive and philosophical tragediesHamlet and King Learis Othello, his most constricted and heart-breaking play. What is striking about Shakespeares alteration of Cinthios grisly tale of murder and villainy is the shift of emphasis to the provocation for the murder, the ennobling of Othello as a figure of great stature and dignity to underscore his self-destruction, and the complication of motive for the ensigns actions. Farewell / Commend me to my kind lord.
Carl Jung & Archetypal Criticism - SlideServe Mythological critics compare one work to others with similar story .
Literature in English: Archetypal Criticism - Blogger No more of that.
"Othello is like a hero of the ancient world in that he is not a man like us, but a man recognized as extraordinary". Indeed, the psychological resonances of the drama, along with its provocative racial and gender themes, have caused Othello, perhaps more than any other of Shakespeares plays, to reverberate the loudest with current audiences and commentators.